Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Gamal Hussein
South College School of Pharmacy, USA
Keynote: Pharmacovigilance and compliance of drugs labeling information with the 2015 FDA lactation guidelines
Time : 09:40-10:40
Biography:
Gamal Hussein is a Professor of Pharmacy and Director of Interprofessional Education. He has completed a Doctoral of Pharmacy and two Fellowships at the University of Texas and the University of California, San Francisco. His research led to the identification of therapeutic window for felbamate, topiramate and lamotrigine as well as the identification of drug reactions/interactions such as gabapentin-felbamate drug interaction, and propofol-induced dystonia. Tequin (gatifloxacin) was discontinued from the market after his and others’ findings on its potential to cause hypoglycemia. He received the “Innovation in Teaching” award from the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy and the “Health-Systems Practitioner” award from the National Pharmaceutical Association.
Abstract:
This study was conducted to evaluate published and manufacturer labeling information (PI) for commonly prescribed drugs in the USA, and to examine compliance with the new 2015 FDA labeling guidelines. Data were also compared to the authors’ previously published information on the development of the first clinical classification of drugs used during lactation (FG-LA). Of the top 200 drugs prescribed in 2015, 85% included a lactation section but information was limited and not in compliance with all elements of FDA guidelines. Only 5% included risk versus benefits section, 54.5% were excreted into breast milk or included data on milk-plasma ratio. Utilizing FG-LA clinical classification, 53.5% were clinically compatible with lactation but 19.5% caused mild to moderate adverse effects on infants, and 1.5% caused mild to moderate adverse effects on the mothers. A total of 23.5% were classified as incompatible with lactation, secretion of 11.5% was unknown, 6.5% caused mild to moderate adverse effects on infants and 1.5% caused mild to moderate adverse effects on the mothers. A total of 23% were classified as unknown with compatibility and no data on adverse effects were reported on infants or mothers. A total of 25.5% caused adverse effects on infants and 3% had adverse effects on the lactating mothers. Several conflicts existed between data in the PI and the literature addressing secretion or concentrations in breast milk. A firmer deadline is recommended by the FDA to drug manufacturers to update PI data in order to enhance patient safety and therapeutic outcomes.
Keynote Forum
Aleksander Skotnicki
Szpital Uniwersytecki w Krakowie, Poland
Keynote: Efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetic profiles of a plasma-derived VWF/ FVIII concentrate (Voncento) in subjects with haemophilia A (SWIFT-HA study)
Biography:
Dr. Aleksander Skotnick is working at Szpital Uniwersytecki w Krakowie, Poland.
Abstract:
Introduction: VONCENTO (CSL Behring) is a plasma-derived, high-concentration, low-volume, high-purity concentrate, which contains a high level of von Willebrand factor (VWF) high-molecular-weight multimers and a VWF/factor VIII (FVIII) ratio of -2.4:1, similar to Haemate P (CSL Behring).
Methods: The pharmacokinetic, efficacy and safety profiles of VONCENTO were investigated in this multicentre double-blind, randomised study. Subjects aged _>12 years with haemophilia A who required treatment of non-surgical bleeds, treatment during surgical events or who were receiving prophylaxis were included. Pharmacokinetics were investigated with a single dose of 50 IU) FVIII/kg body weight of either VONCENTO or BIOSTATE reference product (Biostate-RP) (Day 1: Day 8 (n = 16), repeated on Day 180 [VONCENTO only; n = 15J).Efficacy and safety analyses were performed either during on-demand treatment (n = 52) or prophylaxis (n = 29)for ≥6 months and ≥50 exposure days, respectively.
Results: Besides the confirmation of bioequivalence between VONCENTO and Biostate-RP, which displayed comparable PK profiles, haemostatic efficacy was rated by the investigators as either "excellent" or " good" in 96.4% of all bleeding events (96.5% spontaneous, 96.6% traumatic. 96.9% joint bleeds) as well as in 80% of major and 100% of minor surgical procedures at discharge. The median number of annualised bleeding events per subject (range) was significantly lower in the prophylaxis group (2.0 (0.0-34.6)) than in the on-demand group (14.0 (0.0-87.8), p = 0.0013).VONCENTO was well tolerated and no inhibitory antibodies were identified during the study period.
Conclusions: : This study demonstrated the bioequivalence of VONCENTO to Biostate-RP, and its excellent efficacy and safety profile in haemophilia A subjects.
Keynote Forum
Ossama Roshdy
Alexandria University, Egypt
Keynote: The use of laser therapy in dermatology(Benign pigmented lesions)
Biography:
Ossama Hussein Roshdy is a Professor in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology at the University of Alexandria, Egypt.
Abstract:
In pigmented epidermal lesions, the laser target is the melanosome contained the melanin pigment. A melanosome measures approximately 1 × (0.5-0.75) μm in diameter, and has thermal relaxation time about 10-100 n sec. Melanin has a broad absorption spectrum, being most intense in the ultraviolet (UV) range, dropping off through the visible to the near infrared (IR) spectra. During laser therapy of pigmented lesions, whatever the mode of pigment destruction (pressure waves, shock waves, or chemical alteration), destroyed or chemically altered melanin pigment is largely removed by macrophages. There are many laser types that can be used to treat pigmented lesions. Q-switched ruby laser emits a read beam of 694 nm wavelength with 20 to 50 n sec pulse duration. Many epidermal pigmented lesions could be treated by this type of laser (lentigo senilis, lentigo simplex, ephelides, syndromal lentigens, and café-au-lait macules). Pigmented Lesion Dye Laser produces pulsed green light at a wavelength 500-520 nm, with pulse duration 300-500 n sec. It is more suitable for superficial lesions only like ephelides, café-au-lait macules, and Becker’s nevi (penetration depth is only 0.25-0.5 mm). Q-switched Nd: YAG laser (1064 nm wavelength, and pulse duration 10 n sec) is highly effective for deep, densely pigmented tattoos. Frequency Doubled Q-switched Nd: YAG laser with 532 nm green beam, and pulse duration of 10-40 n sec is useful for epidermal pigmented lesions and café-au-lait macules. Another laser machine for pigmented lesions is the Flash Lamp Q-Switched Alexandrite laser. It emits a near infrared invisible beam at 755 nm wavelength, and pulse duration of 100 n sec. It is used successfully for deep, black, green, red, and yellow tattoos. Nevus of Ota is treated well with the Q-switched Ruby Laser with energy fluence of 6-10 J/cm2 at 40 n sec pulses. Argon laser produced resolution of the nevus of Ota lesions but with some hypo pigmentation. Post inflammatory hyper pigmentation showed an average improvement by over 75% when Pumped Dye Pulsed Laser (Candela) is used. Melasma is treated by Candela PDPL, Q-Switched Alexandrite, Q-Switched Ruby, and Q- YAG laser. Unfortunately, although results are initially encouraging, repigmentation is the rule in all lasers used.